In a brief social media post that quickly went viral, Vice President JD Vance made a broad claim for the reach and power of the executive branch and of the Trump administration, essentially asserting that the courts should be powerless to curb orders from the President.
Vance’s claim met strong resistance from his political opponents, who characterized Vance’s assertion as an assault on the Constitution and its intent that a “separation of powers” undergirds the republic as part of a system of checks and balances, limiting the power of any single branch of government.
Vance’s post used an adjective that sits at the crux of the disagreement when he wrote: “Judges aren’t allowed to control the executive’s legitimate power.” The critical adjective at issue is “legitimate” — as legitimacy is something that judges and the courts help determine, weighing the use of power against its constitutionality.
If a judge tried to tell a general how to conduct a military operation, that would be illegal.
— JD Vance (@JDVance) February 9, 2025
If a judge tried to command the attorney general in how to use her discretion as a prosecutor, that's also illegal.
Judges aren't allowed to control the executive's legitimate power.
Lawmaker attorneys on the other side of the aisle, including avowed anti-MAGA legislators Rep. Daniel Goldman (D-NY) and Sen. Adam Schiff (D-CA), responded that the Yale-trained lawyer Vance’s viral legal claim was a willful misinterpretation of the Founders’ intent.
Schiff, a Harvard law grad, contended that though he and Vance are both attorneys, people “don’t have to be lawyers to know that ignoring court decisions we don’t like puts us on a dangerous path to lawlessness.”
JD, we both went to law school.
— Adam Schiff (@SenAdamSchiff) February 9, 2025
But we don’t have to be lawyers to know that ignoring court decisions we don’t like puts us on a dangerous path to lawlessness.
We just have to swear an oath the constitution.
And mean it. https://t.co/Mg5W21JJx5
Goldman, a Stanford law grad, replied: “It’s called the ‘rule of law’ @jdvance. Our constitution created three co-equal branches of government to provide checks and balances on each other (‘separation of powers’). The judiciary makes sure that the executive follows the law. If you do, then you won’t have problems.”
It’s called the “rule of law” @jdvance.
— Daniel Goldman (@danielsgoldman) February 9, 2025
Our constitution created three co-equal branches of government to provide checks and balances on each other (“separation of powers”).
The judiciary makes sure that the executive follows the law.
If you do, then you won’t have problems. https://t.co/4L4WOWnEDX
Former Republican presidential candidate and Congressman Joe Walsh (R-IL) also joined the objectors on constitutional grounds, and wrote: “Separation of powers. Checks and balances. A nation of laws. The President of this country is not a king.”
The Constitution. The judicial branch. Separation of powers. Checks and balances. A nation of laws. The President of this country is not a king. Hey @JDVance, please study some American history. https://t.co/JbnXW83P65
— Joe Walsh (@WalshFreedom) February 9, 2025
Vance’s post is likely in response to the multitude of court challenges to Trump’s moves — enough of them to warrant New York Times headlines like: “Why Federal Courts May Be the Last Bulwark Against Trump.”
With majorities in the House of Representatives and the Senate, Republicans in Congress — the legislative branch — have offered little resistance to Trump’s bold assertions of executive branch power, as Trump has sought to vastly reshape the federal government through a plethora of executive orders.
Legal challenges contend that Trump has overstepped his authority and that, for example, his orders unilaterally undercutting congressionally mandated appropriations, as in the shuttering of USAID, aren’t within the executive branch’s power.
The practical result of Trump’s assertive start has been a transfer of real power in Washington from elected lawmakers to special operations like Elon Musk‘s DOGE office, which is accountable only to the President. This transfer of power is being accomplished with the consent of many of the same lawmakers whose power is eroded by the change.
Vance also sees support for his assertion in the comments, including from top Trump advisor and current White House Deputy Chief of Staff Stephen Miller arguing, below, with former Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg.
Hey Pete, care to show us the line in the Constitution where it says a lone unelected district judge can assume decision-making control over the entire executive branch affecting 300M citizens? Any mention of nationwide district court TROs? Or permanent all-powerful bureaucracy? https://t.co/Su60uSaJk1
— Stephen Miller (@StephenM) February 9, 2025
Note: It isn’t just Democratic legislators who suggest the VP’s post goes too far. In response to Vance, a number of legally conversant commenters — including one whose profile reads “Trump-Vance-2024” — mentioned the historic Marbury v. Madison SCOTUS case, which “holds the rights of the courts to determine the constitutionality of the actions of the other two branches of government.”
"Judges aren't allowed to control the executive's legitimate power."
— ~☆~LindaEvans🇺🇸 🌎 (@Deja_Vu_4Me) February 9, 2025
—@JDVance pic.twitter.com/2XOL2bohvG
Marbury v Madison (1803) holds the rights of the courts to determine the constitutionality of the actions of the other two branches of government. https://t.co/Kwqjm2WGAp
— Shea Jordan Smith (@shea_jordan) February 9, 2025